{"id":2398,"date":"2025-06-27T09:04:00","date_gmt":"2025-06-27T09:04:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/lapalabrarazonada.es\/?page_id=2398"},"modified":"2025-10-19T06:24:47","modified_gmt":"2025-10-19T06:24:47","slug":"situacion-de-aprendizaje-4-apariencia-y-realidad","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/lapalabrarazonada.es\/ca\/filosofia-1o-bach\/situacion-de-aprendizaje-4-apariencia-y-realidad\/","title":{"rendered":"Situaci\u00f3 d&#039;aprenentatge 4: Aparen\u00e7a i realitat"},"content":{"rendered":"<div class=\"yoast-breadcrumbs\"><span><span><a href=\"https:\/\/lapalabrarazonada.es\/ca\/\">Portada<\/a><\/span> \u00bb <span><a href=\"https:\/\/lapalabrarazonada.es\/ca\/filosofia-1o-bach\/\">Filosofia de 1r de Batxillerat<\/a><\/span> \u00bb <span class=\"breadcrumb_last\" aria-current=\"page\">Situaci\u00f3 d&#039;aprenentatge 4: Aparen\u00e7a i realitat<\/span><\/span><\/div>\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Introducci\u00f3<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Al llarg de la hist\u00f2ria, la filosofia s&#039;ha preguntat per la difer\u00e8ncia entre all\u00f2 que <em>sembla<\/em> i el que <em>ca<\/em>. Vivim en un m\u00f3n tal com ho percebem o la nostra experi\u00e8ncia est\u00e0 mediada per aparences, il\u00b7lusions i representacions? Podem refiar-nos dels sentits o tot el que creiem saber podria ser una construcci\u00f3?<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>En aquesta unitat ens endinsarem en una de les preguntes m\u00e9s antigues i profundes de la filosofia: la distinci\u00f3 entre aparen\u00e7a i realitat. Explorarem com diferents pensadors han intentat respondre aquesta q\u00fcesti\u00f3: des dels mites filos\u00f2fics cl\u00e0ssics, com la caverna de Plat\u00f3, fins als debats contemporanis sobre la intel\u00b7lig\u00e8ncia artificial o la simulaci\u00f3.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Tamb\u00e9 reflexionarem sobre com aquesta tensi\u00f3 continua viva avui, en un m\u00f3n ple de pantalles, algorismes i realitats virtuals. A trav\u00e9s de textos, activitats creatives i exercicis d&#039;an\u00e0lisi, aprendrem a mirar amb m\u00e9s atenci\u00f3 el m\u00f3n que ens envolta ia distingir entre all\u00f2 que simplement es mostra i all\u00f2 que realment \u00e9s.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Continguts<\/h2>\n\n\n<div class='pt-cv-wrapper'> <div class=\"pt-cv-view pt-cv-overlaygrid iscvblock iscvreal overlay6 layout1\" id=\"pt-cv-view-pgvrqh6u\"><div data-id=\"pt-cv-page-1\" class=\"pt-cv-page\" data-cvc=\"2\"><div class=\"pt-cv-content-item pt-cv-1-col cv-main-post\" ><div class=\"pt-cv-thumb-wrapper\"><a href=\"https:\/\/lapalabrarazonada.es\/ca\/apariencia-y-realidad\/\" class=\"_self pt-cv-href-thumbnail pt-cv-thumb-default\" target=\"_self\" ><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"900\" height=\"384\" src=\"https:\/\/lapalabrarazonada.es\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/platon-biografia-pensamiento-obras-e1790689995827.gif\" class=\"pt-cv-thumbnail\" alt=\"\" \/><\/a><\/div>\n<div class=\"pt-cv-overlay-wrapper\"><div class=\"pt-cv-title\"><a href=\"https:\/\/lapalabrarazonada.es\/ca\/apariencia-y-realidad\/\" class=\"_self\" target=\"_self\" >Aparen\u00e7a i realitat<\/a><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div> <\/div> <style>\n#pt-cv-view-pgvrqh6u .pt-cv-thumb-wrapper::before {background: rgba(0,0,0,.4); opacity: 0.8;}#pt-cv-view-pgvrqh6u .pt-cv-overlay-wrapper {justify-content: center;}\n#pt-cv-view-pgvrqh6u .pt-cv-meta-fields {  }#pt-cv-view-pgvrqh6u .pt-cv-meta-fields * { font-size: 13px; }#pt-cv-view-pgvrqh6u .pt-cv-title a { display: block; }#pt-cv-view-pgvrqh6u .pt-cv-title:not(.pt-cv-titlesm) a { font-weight: 600;text-decoration: none;font-size: 26px; }#pt-cv-view-pgvrqh6u .pt-cv-titlesm a { font-weight: 600;font-size: 20px; }#pt-cv-view-pgvrqh6u .pt-cv-content { font-size: 15px; }#pt-cv-view-pgvrqh6u .pt-cv-rmwrap {  }#pt-cv-view-pgvrqh6u .pt-cv-readmore { color: #fff;background-color: #0075ff;font-size: 14px; }#pt-cv-view-pgvrqh6u .pt-cv-taxoterm { margin: 0px 0px 20px 0px; }#pt-cv-view-pgvrqh6u .pt-cv-taxoterm * { color: #222;background-color: #fff6f6;font-size: 14px; }#pt-cv-view-pgvrqh6u + .pt-cv-pagination-wrapper {  }#pt-cv-view-pgvrqh6u + .pt-cv-pagination-wrapper a { font-size: 14px; }#pt-cv-view-pgvrqh6u > .pt-cv-page {grid-auto-rows: 250px;grid-template-rows: calc(250px*1.5);grid-gap: 10px;}\n@media all and (max-width: 1024px) { \n#pt-cv-view-pgvrqh6u > .pt-cv-page {}\n} \n@media all and (max-width: 767px) { \n#pt-cv-view-pgvrqh6u > .pt-cv-page {}\n} <\/style>\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Activitats<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>An\u00e0lisi de casos: deepfakes i not\u00edcies faltes<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Reflexionar sobre com certs fen\u00f2mens contemporanis desafien la nostra capacitat per distingir entre aparen\u00e7a i realitat, connectant aquests desafiaments amb conceptes filos\u00f2fics clau.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Com treballarem?<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ol class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Introducci\u00f3 (5 minuts)<\/strong>\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Comen\u00e7arem amb dues preguntes:\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u201cCom sabem si alguna cosa que veiem o escoltem \u00e9s real?\u201d<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u201cLa tecnologia fa m\u00e9s dif\u00edcil distingir el que \u00e9s real del que \u00e9s aparent?\u201d<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>A partir de les vostres respostes, introduirem l&#039;activitat i la relaci\u00f3 amb els conceptes filos\u00f2fics que hem treballat.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Presentaci\u00f3 de casos (10 minuts)<\/strong>\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Veurem dos exemples reals:\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Cas 1:\u00a0<em>Deepfakes<\/em>\u00a0(amb explicaci\u00f3 breu i exemple visual).<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Cas 2:\u00a0<em>Not\u00edcies falses<\/em>\u00a0(titular i imatge manipulada).<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Se us assignar\u00e0 un dels casos per grup.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Treball en grups (15 minuts)<\/strong>\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Analitzareu el vostre cas amb l&#039;ajuda d&#039;aquestes preguntes:\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u201c&quot;Quina part del cas representa l&#039;aparen\u00e7a i quina podria ser la realitat?&quot;\u201d<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u201cQu\u00e8 fa que aquest cas sigui conf\u00fas o engany\u00f3s?\u201d<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u201cQuins conceptes filos\u00f2fics podrien ajudar-nos a entendre aquest fenomen?\u201d (Plat\u00f3, Descartes, Kant, Nietzsche, etc.)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Preneu notes per compartir les vostres conclusions amb la classe.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Posada en com\u00fa (10 minuts)<\/strong>\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Cada grup explicar\u00e0:\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Quina \u00e9s l&#039;aparen\u00e7a i quina \u00e9s la realitat si \u00e9s el cas.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Per qu\u00e8 \u00e9s dif\u00edcil distingir-les.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Quin autor o teoria filos\u00f2fica es relaciona millor amb el vostre exemple.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>El professor\/a completar\u00e0 les explicacions relacionant-les amb:\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><em>Plat\u00f3<\/em>: Les ombres com a imatges manipulades.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><em>Nietzsche<\/em>: La veritat com a construcci\u00f3 cultural.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><em>Kant<\/em>: Els l\u00edmits del coneixement davant del que percebem.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Tancament i reflexi\u00f3 final (5 minuts)<\/strong>\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Reflexionarem junts amb aquestes preguntes:\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u201c&quot;\u00c9s cada vegada m\u00e9s dif\u00edcil distingir la realitat al m\u00f3n actual? Per qu\u00e8?&quot;\u201d<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u201cQuines eines filos\u00f2fiques o pr\u00e0ctiques ens poden ajudar a acostar-nos a all\u00f2 real?\u201d<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Finalitzarem destacant el paper del pensament cr\u00edtic i de la filosofia davant dels desafiaments contemporanis.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Avaluaci\u00f3<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table class=\"has-fixed-layout\"><thead><tr><th>\u00cdtem observat<\/th><th>S\u00ed<\/th><th>No<\/th><th>Observacions<\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><td>El grup identifica clarament qu\u00e8 representa l&#039;aparen\u00e7a i qu\u00e8 la realitat en el cas analitzat.<\/td><td><\/td><td><\/td><td><\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Expliquen qu\u00e8 fa que el cas resulti engany\u00f3s, ambigu o problem\u00e0tic.<\/td><td><\/td><td><\/td><td><\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Estableixen connexions fonamentades amb almenys un concepte o autor filos\u00f2fic treballat a classe.<\/td><td><\/td><td><\/td><td><\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Utilitzen exemples o explicacions pr\u00f2pies per donar suport a les reflexions.<\/td><td><\/td><td><\/td><td><\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Lexposici\u00f3 oral \u00e9s clara, estructurada i comprensible.<\/td><td><\/td><td><\/td><td><\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Tots els membres del grup participen a l&#039;exposici\u00f3 o mostren haver col\u00b7laborat en el treball previ.<\/td><td><\/td><td><\/td><td><\/td><\/tr><tr><td>S&#039;empra llenguatge filos\u00f2fic b\u00e0sic amb correcci\u00f3 (ex. aparen\u00e7a, veritat, coneixement, cr\u00edtica, etc.).<\/td><td><\/td><td><\/td><td><\/td><\/tr><tr><td>El grup mostra una actitud cr\u00edtica i reflexiva durant la posada en com\u00fa.<\/td><td><\/td><td><\/td><td><\/td><\/tr><tr><td>S&#039;hi relaciona el fenomen analitzat amb l&#039;actualitat o l&#039;experi\u00e8ncia personal.<\/td><td><\/td><td><\/td><td><\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Creaci\u00f3 col\u00b7laborativa: la caverna moderna<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Aplicar el concepte del Mite de la caverna de Plat\u00f3 a situacions actuals, identificant quins elements contemporanis actuen com a \u00abombres\u00bb que distorsionen la nostra percepci\u00f3 de la realitat.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Com treballarem?<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ol class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Introducci\u00f3 (5 minuts)<\/strong><br>El professor\/a far\u00e0 un breu rep\u00e0s del Mite de la caverna de Plat\u00f3. A continuaci\u00f3, us plantejar\u00e0 aquestes preguntes per activar la vostra reflexi\u00f3:\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u00abSi visqu\u00e9ssim avui a la caverna, qu\u00e8 serien les nostres ombres?\u00bb<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u00abQu\u00e8 representaria el foc i qu\u00e8 significaria sortir a l&#039;exterior?\u00bb<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Treball en grups (20 minuts)<\/strong><br>Us organitzareu en grups petits per crear una reinterpretaci\u00f3 contempor\u00e0nia del mite. Podeu triar el format que preferiu:<ul><li>Un dibuix o mural.<\/li><li>Una narraci\u00f3 breu o c\u00f2mic.<\/li><li>Un collage d&#039;imatges o s\u00edmbol visual col\u00b7lectiu.<\/li><\/ul>Cada grup ha d&#039;identificar clarament:\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Les \u00abombres\u00bb modernes (per exemple, xarxes socials, algorismes, publicitat, desinformaci\u00f3).<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Qu\u00e8 representa el \u00abfoc\u00bb (com les narratives imposades o els mitjans que controlen all\u00f2 que veiem).<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Qu\u00e8 seria la \u00absortida de la caverna\u00bb (pensament cr\u00edtic, filosofia, educaci\u00f3, desconnexi\u00f3 digital).<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Presentaci\u00f3 (15 minuts)<\/strong><br>Cada grup presentar\u00e0 la seva creaci\u00f3 davant de la classe. Haureu d&#039;explicar:\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Qu\u00e8 representa cada element de la vostra obra.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Com connecta amb el Mite de la caverna.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Per qu\u00e8 heu escollit aquesta forma de representaci\u00f3.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Tancament i reflexi\u00f3 (5 minuts)<\/strong><br>Acabarem amb una breu discussi\u00f3 guiada pel professor\/a al voltant d&#039;aquestes preguntes:\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u00ab\u00c9s possible sortir completament de les cavernes modernes?\u00bb<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u00abQuin paper juga la filosofia en aquest proc\u00e9s d&#039;alliberament?\u00bb<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Laboratori de percepci\u00f3<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Experimentar de forma directa com els nostres sentits ens poden enganyar i reflexionar sobre qu\u00e8 implica aix\u00f2 en relaci\u00f3 amb les teories filos\u00f2fiques de la percepci\u00f3 desenvolupades per autors com Plat\u00f3, Descartes, Hume o Kant.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Com treballarem?<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ol start=\"1\" class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Introducci\u00f3 (5 minuts)<\/strong>\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Comen\u00e7arem amb una pregunta provocadora: \u201cPodem confiar en tot el que veiem?\u201d<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Reflexionarem breument sobre si hi ha difer\u00e8ncia entre all\u00f2 que percebem i la realitat tal com \u00e9s.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Experiments visuals (20 minuts)<\/strong>\u00a0Veurem i comentarem algunes il\u00b7lusions visuals conegudes:<ul><li><em>Il\u00b7lusi\u00f3 de M\u00fcller-Lyer<\/em>: dues l\u00ednies amb fletxes en extrems que semblen de diferent longitud.<\/li><li><em>Galleda de Necker<\/em>: una galleda que es pot veure en dues posicions diferents.<\/li><li><em>Espiral de Fraser<\/em>: fa la impressi\u00f3 de moviment o profunditat quan no n&#039;hi ha.<\/li><li><em>The Dress<\/em>: una imatge famosa en qu\u00e8 unes persones veuen blanc i daurat i d&#039;altres blau i negre.<\/li><\/ul>Despr\u00e9s de cada il\u00b7lusi\u00f3, anotar\u00e0s:\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Qu\u00e8 hi veus?<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>T&#039;ha sorpr\u00e8s que altres ho vegin de manera diferent? Per qu\u00e8 creus que passa aix\u00f2?<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Discussi\u00f3 grupal (15 minuts)<\/strong>\u00a0En grups petits, debatreu sobre aquestes q\u00fcestions:\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Com ens influeixen les nostres percepcions a la vida quotidiana?<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Coneixes alguna situaci\u00f3 en qu\u00e8 els teus sentits t&#039;hagin enganyat?<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Com explicarien aquestes il\u00b7lusions Descartes, Hume o Kant?<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Connexi\u00f3 filos\u00f2fica (10 minuts)<\/strong>\u00a0El professor\/a posar\u00e0 en com\u00fa les vostres respostes i les relacionar\u00e0 amb les idees seg\u00fcents:\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><em>Descarts<\/em>: els sentits poden enganyar-nos; per aix\u00f2 cal dubtar-ne.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><em>Hume<\/em>: tot coneixement ve de les impressions sensibles, per\u00f2 aquestes poden ser confuses o err\u00f2nies.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><em>Kant<\/em>: no coneixem la realitat en si mateixa (no\u00famen), sin\u00f3 nom\u00e9s els fen\u00f2mens, \u00e9s a dir, com la percebem.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Tancament (5 minuts)<\/strong>\u00a0Tancarem amb una reflexi\u00f3 general: \u00abQu\u00e8 ens ensenyen aquests experiments sobre com coneixem el m\u00f3n?\u00bb<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Aix\u00f2 no \u00e9s una pipa<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>En aquesta activitat observarem la pintura&nbsp;<em>La tra\u00efci\u00f3 de les imatges<\/em>&nbsp;de Ren\u00e9 Magritte i reflexionar sobre el missatge: \u00abAix\u00f2 no \u00e9s una pipa\u00bb. Analitzarem qu\u00e8 vol dir aquesta frase i per qu\u00e8 representa un problema filos\u00f2fic que ha interessat tant l&#039;art com el pensament. Ens basarem tamb\u00e9 en idees de l?assaig de Michel Foucault&nbsp;<em>Aix\u00f2 no \u00e9s una pipa<\/em>. A partir d&#039;aix\u00f2, debatrem sobre la relaci\u00f3 entre les paraules, les imatges i la realitat, i farem una activitat creativa per expressar les nostres pr\u00f2pies idees sobre aquest tema.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Objectius d&#039;aprenentatge:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ol class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Comprendre la relaci\u00f3 entre representaci\u00f3 i realitat a l&#039;art i la filosofia.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Reflexionar sobre el paper del llenguatge i la imatge en la construcci\u00f3 del significat.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Desenvolupar pensament cr\u00edtic i creativitat a partir de lan\u00e0lisi duna obra visual i un text filos\u00f2fic.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Com treballarem?<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ol class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Introducci\u00f3 (5 minuts)<\/strong>\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Observarem junts la pintura de Magritte.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Se us plantejaran dues preguntes:\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u201cQu\u00e8 veus en aquesta imatge?\u201d<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u201cPer qu\u00e8 creieu que Magritte va escriure &#039;Aix\u00f2 no \u00e9s una pipa&#039; sota una pipa?\u2018<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>El professor\/a explicar\u00e0 que l&#039;obra juga amb la tensi\u00f3 entre all\u00f2 que veiem, all\u00f2 que llegim i all\u00f2 que entenem.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Discussi\u00f3 col\u00b7lectiva (10 minuts)<\/strong>\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>En grups petits, compartireu les vostres interpretacions.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Posarem en com\u00fa les respostes i el professor\/a connectar\u00e0 les vostres idees amb conceptes filos\u00f2fics clau:\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><em>Plat\u00f3<\/em>: les representacions com a c\u00f2pies imperfectes de les Idees.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><em>Descarts<\/em>: la separaci\u00f3 entre el que es percep i la subst\u00e0ncia veritable.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Activitat creativa i posada en com\u00fa (10 minuts)<\/strong>\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Se us convidar\u00e0 a crear una imatge pr\u00f2pia en qu\u00e8 es jugui amb el llenguatge i la representaci\u00f3 (per exemple: un objecte dibuixat amb una frase que negui all\u00f2 que aparenta).<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Cada grup o estudiant compartir\u00e0 la creaci\u00f3 amb la resta de la classe.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Reflexionarem sobre aquestes preguntes:\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u201cCom influeix el llenguatge en la nostra percepci\u00f3 de la realitat?\u201d<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u201cQuines conseq\u00fc\u00e8ncies t\u00e9 aix\u00f2 en un m\u00f3n on vivim envoltats d&#039;imatges?\u201d<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Dibuixant l&#039;al\u00b7legoria de la caverna<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>En aquesta activitat llegir\u00e0s un fragment del fam\u00f3s Mite de la caverna de Plat\u00f3 i representar\u00e0 visualment els seus elements m\u00e9s importants. Aquesta hist\u00f2ria utilitza imatges per parlar-nos de la percepci\u00f3, el coneixement i la difer\u00e8ncia entre aparences i realitat. Dibuixar el mite t&#039;ajudar\u00e0 a entendre&#039;l de manera m\u00e9s creativa i personal.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Objectius d&#039;aprenentatge:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ol class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Comprendre el Mite de la caverna com una al\u00b7legoria sobre la percepci\u00f3 i el coneixement.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Interpretar visualment els elements clau del mite.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Reflexionar sobre la relaci\u00f3 entre all\u00f2 que percebem i la realitat veritable.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Com treballarem?<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ol class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Introducci\u00f3 (5 minuts)<\/strong><br>El professor\/a explicar\u00e0 breument el context del Mite de la caverna i us plantejar\u00e0 una pregunta per comen\u00e7ar a pensar: \u201cI si el que veiem no fos res m\u00e9s que ombres d&#039;una cosa m\u00e9s real?\u201d<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Lectura del mite (10 minuts)<\/strong><br>Llegiu de forma individual un fragment del Llibre VII de\u00a0<em>La Rep\u00fablica<\/em>\u00a0de Plat\u00f3.\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Subratlleu o anoteu les paraules clau: presoners, cadenes, ombres, foc, mur, sortida, sol, llum, coneixement.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Dibuix del mite (20 minuts)<\/strong>\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Realitzareu un dibuix individual en qu\u00e8 representeu els elements fonamentals del mite.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>El dibuix ha d&#039;incloure almenys els presoners, les ombres, el mur, el foc, la sortida de la caverna i el m\u00f3n exterior.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Sigueu creatius: no es tracta de copiar literalment, sin\u00f3 d&#039;interpretar el text des de la vostra mirada.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Incloeu un t\u00edtol o una petita llegenda explicativa.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Reflexi\u00f3 escrita (10 minuts)<\/strong><br>Al costat del dibuix, escriureu unes respostes breus a aquestes dues preguntes:<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Tancament grupal (5 minuts)<\/strong><br>Acabarem amb una reflexi\u00f3 conjunta en veu alta:\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u201c&quot;Creieu que vivim en una caverna avui dia? Si \u00e9s aix\u00ed, quines serien les nostres ombres?&quot;\u201d<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>El professor\/a us avan\u00e7ar\u00e0 que en les properes sessions analitzarem el significat filos\u00f2fic del mite.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">El dilema de la realitat a Matrix<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>En aquesta activitat veur\u00e0s una escena emblem\u00e0tica de la pel\u00b7l\u00edcula&nbsp;<em>The Matrix<\/em>&nbsp;(1999) i reflexionar sobre un dilema filos\u00f2fic fonamental: vivim en la realitat o en una il\u00b7lusi\u00f3? L&#039;escena planteja l&#039;elecci\u00f3 entre la p\u00edndola blava, que permet seguir una realitat c\u00f2moda per\u00f2 falsa, i la p\u00edndola vermella, que condueix a con\u00e8ixer la veritat, encara que sigui dura. Aquesta situaci\u00f3 ens convida a pensar en els conceptes d&#039;aparen\u00e7a i de realitat que ja treballem a classe.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Objectius d&#039;aprenentatge:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Reflexionar sobre el paper del coneixement i la percepci\u00f3 a la comprensi\u00f3 de la realitat.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Relacionar aquesta escena amb idees filos\u00f2fiques com el dualisme de Plat\u00f3 o la cr\u00edtica de Nietzsche al \u00abm\u00f3n veritable\u00bb.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Despertar linter\u00e8s per la filosofia metaf\u00edsica a partir dun exemple proper de la cultura popular.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Com treballarem?<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ol class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Introducci\u00f3<\/strong><br>Comen\u00e7arem amb una breu presentaci\u00f3 de l&#039;argument de\u00a0<em>The Matrix<\/em>. La pel\u00b7l\u00edcula suggereix que el m\u00f3n tal com ho percebem podria ser una simulaci\u00f3 creada per una intel\u00b7lig\u00e8ncia artificial. A partir d&#039;aix\u00f2, ens preguntarem: Com sabem que all\u00f2 que percebem \u00e9s real?<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Visionat<\/strong><br>Veurem l&#039;escena en qu\u00e8 Morfeu ofereix a Neo triar entre la p\u00edndola blava (seguir a la il\u00b7lusi\u00f3) o la vermella (despertar la veritat).\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Frase clau:\u00a0<em>\u00abRecorda: l?\u00fanic que t?ofereixo \u00e9s la veritat. Nom\u00e9s.\u00bb<\/em><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Reflexi\u00f3 individual<\/strong><br>Anotareu les vostres respostes a aquestes dues preguntes:\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Quina p\u00edndola triaries i per qu\u00e8?<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Creus que vivim en una realitat veritable o que hi ha il\u00b7lusions que ens enganyen?<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Tert\u00falia dial\u00f2gica<\/strong><br>Us organitzareu en grups de 4-5 persones per debatre aquestes q\u00fcestions:\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Qu\u00e8 motiva alg\u00fa a buscar la veritat davant de quedar-se en una il\u00b7lusi\u00f3 confortable?<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Quina relaci\u00f3 t\u00e9 aquesta escena amb el mite de la caverna de Plat\u00f3?<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u00c9s possible con\u00e8ixer la realitat tal com \u00e9s, o estem sempre limitats per la nostra percepci\u00f3?<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Posada en com\u00fa<\/strong><br>Cada grup compartir\u00e0 les idees amb la classe.<br>El professor\/a anir\u00e0 connectant les vostres respostes amb els conceptes que hem treballat:\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><em>Plat\u00f3<\/em>: el dualisme entre el m\u00f3n sensible (les ombres) i el m\u00f3n intel\u00b7ligible (la llum).<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><em>Kant<\/em>: la limitaci\u00f3 del coneixement hum\u00e0 als fen\u00f2mens.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><em>Nietzsche<\/em>: la cr\u00edtica al \u00abm\u00f3n veritable\u00bb com a ficci\u00f3 metaf\u00edsica.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Tancament i reflexi\u00f3 final<\/strong><br>Per acabar, us plantejarem algunes preguntes obertes:\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Val la pena cercar la veritat si pot ser inc\u00f2moda o dolorosa?<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Com influeix la tecnologia en la nostra percepci\u00f3 de la realitat avui dia?<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Treball Final<\/h2>\n\n\n<div class='pt-cv-wrapper'> <div class=\"pt-cv-view pt-cv-overlaygrid iscvblock iscvreal overlay6 layout1\" id=\"pt-cv-view-l4o4ub8d\"><div data-id=\"pt-cv-page-1\" class=\"pt-cv-page\" data-cvc=\"2\"><div class=\"pt-cv-content-item pt-cv-1-col cv-main-post\" ><div class=\"pt-cv-thumb-wrapper\"><a href=\"https:\/\/lapalabrarazonada.es\/ca\/trabajo-final-como-el-mundo-verdadero-se-convirtio-en-fabula\/\" class=\"_self pt-cv-href-thumbnail pt-cv-thumb-default\" target=\"_self\" ><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"576\" src=\"https:\/\/lapalabrarazonada.es\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/03\/friedrich-nietzsche-wide_webp-1024x576.webp\" class=\"pt-cv-thumbnail\" alt=\"Friedrich Nietzche m\u00e9todo geneal\u00f3gico\" \/><\/a><\/div>\n<div class=\"pt-cv-overlay-wrapper\"><div class=\"pt-cv-title\"><a href=\"https:\/\/lapalabrarazonada.es\/ca\/trabajo-final-como-el-mundo-verdadero-se-convirtio-en-fabula\/\" class=\"_self\" target=\"_self\" >Treball final: \u00abCom el m\u00f3n veritable es va convertir en faula\u00bb<\/a><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div> <\/div> <style>\n#pt-cv-view-l4o4ub8d .pt-cv-thumb-wrapper::before {background: rgba(0,0,0,.4); opacity: 0.8;}#pt-cv-view-l4o4ub8d .pt-cv-overlay-wrapper {justify-content: center;}\n#pt-cv-view-l4o4ub8d .pt-cv-meta-fields {  }#pt-cv-view-l4o4ub8d .pt-cv-meta-fields * { font-size: 13px; }#pt-cv-view-l4o4ub8d .pt-cv-title a { display: block; }#pt-cv-view-l4o4ub8d .pt-cv-title:not(.pt-cv-titlesm) a { font-weight: 600;text-decoration: none;font-size: 26px; }#pt-cv-view-l4o4ub8d .pt-cv-titlesm a { font-weight: 600;font-size: 20px; }#pt-cv-view-l4o4ub8d .pt-cv-content { font-size: 15px; }#pt-cv-view-l4o4ub8d .pt-cv-rmwrap {  }#pt-cv-view-l4o4ub8d .pt-cv-readmore { color: #fff;background-color: #0075ff;font-size: 14px; }#pt-cv-view-l4o4ub8d .pt-cv-taxoterm { margin: 0px 0px 20px 0px; }#pt-cv-view-l4o4ub8d .pt-cv-taxoterm * { color: #222;background-color: #fff6f6;font-size: 14px; }#pt-cv-view-l4o4ub8d + .pt-cv-pagination-wrapper {  }#pt-cv-view-l4o4ub8d + .pt-cv-pagination-wrapper a { font-size: 14px; }#pt-cv-view-l4o4ub8d > .pt-cv-page {grid-auto-rows: 250px;grid-template-rows: calc(250px*1.5);grid-gap: 10px;}\n@media all and (max-width: 1024px) { \n#pt-cv-view-l4o4ub8d > .pt-cv-page {}\n} \n@media all and (max-width: 767px) { \n#pt-cv-view-l4o4ub8d > .pt-cv-page {}\n} <\/style>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Introducci\u00f3n A lo largo de la historia, la filosof\u00eda se ha preguntado por la diferencia entre lo que parece y lo que es. \u00bfVivimos en un mundo tal como lo percibimos o nuestra experiencia est\u00e1 mediada por apariencias, ilusiones y representaciones? \u00bfPodemos fiarnos de los sentidos o todo lo que creemos saber podr\u00eda ser una [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":1839,"parent":2271,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"iawp_total_views":154,"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-2398","page","type-page","status-publish","has-post-thumbnail","hentry"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v28.1 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Situaci\u00f3n de aprendizaje 4: Apariencia y realidad - La Palabra Razonada<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/lapalabrarazonada.es\/ca\/filosofia-1o-bach\/situacion-de-aprendizaje-4-apariencia-y-realidad\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"ca_ES\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Situaci\u00f3n de aprendizaje 4: Apariencia y realidad - La Palabra Razonada\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Introducci\u00f3n A lo largo de la historia, la filosof\u00eda se ha preguntado por la diferencia entre lo que parece y lo que es. \u00bfVivimos en un mundo tal como lo percibimos o nuestra experiencia est\u00e1 mediada por apariencias, ilusiones y representaciones? \u00bfPodemos fiarnos de los sentidos o todo lo que creemos saber podr\u00eda ser una [&hellip;]\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/lapalabrarazonada.es\/ca\/filosofia-1o-bach\/situacion-de-aprendizaje-4-apariencia-y-realidad\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"La Palabra Razonada\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2025-10-19T06:24:47+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"https:\/\/lapalabrarazonada.es\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/03\/friedrich-nietzsche-wide_webp.webp\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:width\" content=\"1200\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:height\" content=\"675\" \/>\n\t<meta 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