{"id":2309,"date":"2025-06-17T07:22:29","date_gmt":"2025-06-17T07:22:29","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/lapalabrarazonada.es\/?p=2309"},"modified":"2026-04-06T14:19:49","modified_gmt":"2026-04-06T14:19:49","slug":"comentario-de-texto-de-olympe-de-gouges-ebau-valencia-2025","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/lapalabrarazonada.es\/ca\/comentario-de-texto-de-olympe-de-gouges-ebau-valencia-2025\/","title":{"rendered":"Comentari de text d'Olympe de Gouges \u2013 EBAU Val\u00e8ncia 2025"},"content":{"rendered":"
Portada<\/a><\/span> \u00bb Hist\u00f2ria de la Filosofia<\/a><\/span> \u00bb Comentari de text<\/a><\/span> \u00bb Comentari de text d'Olympe de Gouges \u2013 EBAU Val\u00e8ncia 2025<\/span><\/span><\/div>\n\n\n

Introducci\u00f3<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

El fragment analitzat pertany a la Declaraci\u00f3 dels Drets de la Dona i de la Ciutadana<\/em> (1789), escrita per Olympe de Gouges. Aquest text va ser un dels proposats a la convocat\u00f2ria ordin\u00e0ria de l'EBAU 2025 a la Comunitat Valenciana. Es tracta d'un text fonamental per entendre el Projecte Il\u00b7lustrat<\/a>. La Declaraci\u00f3 dels Drets de la Dona i de la Ciutadana<\/em> \u00e9s una relectura feminista de la Declaraci\u00f3 dels Drets de l'Home i del Ciutad\u00e0 del 1789, en qu\u00e8 Gouges denuncia l'exclusi\u00f3 de les dones dels drets pol\u00edtics en plena Revoluci\u00f3 Francesa.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Criteris de l'examen i recomanacions<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

Segons el model d'examen oficial del 2025, el comentari de text es valora amb un m\u00e0xim de 4 punts i s'estructura en tres apartats:<\/p>\n\n\n\n

1.1. Tema o problem\u00e0tica del text (1 punt). 1.2. Tesi defensada i explicaci\u00f3 de les idees (1 punt). 1.3. Contextualitzaci\u00f3 historicofilos\u00f2fica i relaci\u00f3 amb altres autors (2 punts).<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Et recomanem que consultis la nostra guia per fer un bon comentari de text filos\u00f2fic<\/a> si vols dominar aquesta part de lexamen.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Fragment per comentar<\/h2>\n\n\n\n
\n

\u00abPRE\u00c0MBUL<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Les mares, filles, germanes, representants de la naci\u00f3 demanen que se les constitueixi en assemblea nacional. Per considerar que la ignor\u00e0ncia, l'oblit o el menyspreu dels drets de la dona s\u00f3n les \u00faniques causes dels mals p\u00fablics i de la corrupci\u00f3 dels governs, han resolt exposar en una declaraci\u00f3 solemne, els drets naturals, inalienables i sagrats de la dona per tal que aquesta declaraci\u00f3, constantment present per a tots els membres del cos social, els recordi actes del poder de les dones i els del poder dels homes puguin ser, en tot instant, comparats amb l'objectiu de tota instituci\u00f3 pol\u00edtica i siguin m\u00e9s respectats per aquesta, a fi que les reclamacions de les ciutadanes, fundades a partir d'ara en principis simples i indiscutibles, es dirigeixin sempre al manteniment de la constituci\u00f3, dels bons costums i de la felicitat.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

En conseq\u00fc\u00e8ncia, el sexe superior tant en bellesa com en coratge, en els patiments materns, reconeix i declara, en pres\u00e8ncia i sota els auspicis de l'\u00c9sser suprem, els drets seg\u00fcents de la Dona i de la Ciutadana.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

ARTICLE PRIMER<\/p>\n\n\n\n

La dona neix lliure i continua igual a l'home en drets. Les distincions socials nom\u00e9s poden estar fonamentades en la utilitat comuna.\u00bb<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Olympe de Gouges, Declaraci\u00f3 dels Drets de la Dona i la Ciutadana (1789). <\/em>A A. Puleo (ed.), La Il\u00b7lustraci\u00f3 oblidada, <\/em>Anthropos, 1993 (Trad. de J. Seoane)<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n

Comentari de text resolt<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

Tema o problem\u00e0tica<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

El tema d\u201faquest text redactat per Olympe de Gouges \u00e9s la igualtat de drets entre homes i dones.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Tesis i idees principals<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

La tesi principal \u00e9s que les dones han de gaudir dels mateixos drets que els homes, ja que s\u00f3n subjectes lliures i iguals per naturalesa, tal com exposa l'article 1 de la Declaraci\u00f3, ra\u00f3 per la qual afirma que les dones, com a representants de la naci\u00f3, sol\u00b7liciten que se les inclogui a l'assemblea nacional. Aquests drets, entesos com a \u00abprincipis simples i indiscutibles\u00bb s\u00f3n presentats com el fonament de tota reclamaci\u00f3 futura. Gouges denuncia que la ignor\u00e0ncia i el menyspreu dels drets femenins s\u00f3n causa dels mals socials, fent refer\u00e8ncia a la desigualtat com un d'aquests mals amb l'objectiu que tot acte sigui home o dona sigui equiparable a nivell pol\u00edtic. L'autora sost\u00e9 que el poder s'ha de regir per la comparaci\u00f3 constant amb els drets abans referenciats, i que nom\u00e9s mitjan\u00e7ant el reconeixement es pot aconseguir una societat justa i feli\u00e7.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Context historicofilos\u00f2fic i relacions<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

Olympe de Gouges escriu aquest text el 1791, en plena Revoluci\u00f3 Francesa. Tot i que la Declaraci\u00f3 dels Drets de l'Home i del Ciutad\u00e0 de 1789 proclamava principis universals de llibertat i igualtat, a la pr\u00e0ctica exclo\u00efa la meitat de la poblaci\u00f3: les dones. Gouges, influ\u00efda pel pensament il\u00b7lustrat i per autors com Rousseau (de qui adopta la idea de contracte social, per\u00f2 critica la seva visi\u00f3 patriarcal), exigeix coher\u00e8ncia entre els ideals revolucionaris i la realitat. L'autora s'inscriu en el projecte il\u00b7lustrat, especialment en la seva dimensi\u00f3 emancipadora, compartida amb altres pensadores com Mary Wollstonecraft, que a la seva \u00abVindicaci\u00f3 dels drets de la dona\u00bb (1792) tamb\u00e9 va denunciar la subordinaci\u00f3 femenina. Mentre que Gouges apel\u00b7la a la religi\u00f3 ia la moral republicana, Wollstonecraft emfatitza l'educaci\u00f3 com a base de l'emancipaci\u00f3.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

El text d'Olympe de Gouges tamb\u00e9 es pot contextualitzar a partir del contractualisme de Rousseau. A El contracte social<\/em> Rousseau obre la seva obra amb la c\u00e8lebre afirmaci\u00f3: \u201cL'home neix lliure i, no obstant, viu a tot arreu encadenat\u201d, amb qu\u00e8 denuncia la contradicci\u00f3 entre la llibertat natural de l'\u00e9sser hum\u00e0 i les formes hist\u00f2riques de dominaci\u00f3 pol\u00edtica. Olympe de Gouges repr\u00e8n aquest mateix horitz\u00f3 il\u00b7lustrat, per\u00f2 introdueix una cr\u00edtica decisiva: si la llibertat i la igualtat s\u00f3n naturals, no es poden limitar nom\u00e9s als homes. Per aix\u00f2 el seu article primer afirma que \u201cla dona neix lliure i roman igual a l'home en drets\u201d, aplicant coherentment el principi rousseauni\u00e0 de llibertat natural a les dones. D'aquesta manera, la seva declaraci\u00f3 posa en relleu la contradicci\u00f3 del pensament pol\u00edtic de l'\u00e8poca: proclamar la llibertat universal mentre exclou les dones de la ciutadania i dels drets pol\u00edtics.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Actualment, les seves idees es vinculen amb el feminisme contemporani, que continua denunciant la desigualtat estructural de g\u00e8nere. Un referent imprescindible en aquesta tradici\u00f3 \u00e9s Simone de Beauvoir, que a \u00abEl segon sexe\u00bb (1949) va analitzar com la dona ha estat constru\u00efda culturalment com \u00abl'Altre\u00bb davant d'un Subjecte universal mascul\u00ed. De Beauvoir repr\u00e8n la influ\u00e8ncia existencialista de Sartre per afirmar que la dona no neix com a tal, sin\u00f3 que s'hi converteix, en funci\u00f3 dels rols imposats per una societat patriarcal. Aquesta perspectiva filos\u00f2fica connecta amb la den\u00fancia de Gouges, que ja anticipava la necessitat d'una reconfiguraci\u00f3 radical dels fonaments de la ciutadania moderna, en exigir la inclusi\u00f3 real de les dones al contracte social. Ambdues autores, amb segles de dist\u00e0ncia, convergeixen en la cr\u00edtica l'universalisme excloent dels drets humans quan no reconeixen l'especificitat de l'experi\u00e8ncia femenina.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Gouges \u00e9s una figura clau per entendre la genealogia del feminisme modern i la lluita pels drets humans universals en el sentit m\u00e9s ple.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Introducci\u00f3n El fragmento analizado pertenece a la Declaraci\u00f3n de los Derechos de la Mujer y de la Ciudadana (1789), escrita por Olympe de Gouges. Este texto fue uno de los propuestos en la convocatoria ordinaria de la EBAU 2025 en la Comunidad Valenciana. Se trata de un texto fundamental para entender el Proyecto Ilustrado. La […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_jetpack_newsletter_access":"","_jetpack_dont_email_post_to_subs":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_tier_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paywalled_content":false,"iawp_total_views":635,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":"","jetpack_post_was_ever_published":false},"categories":[390],"tags":[455,460],"class_list":["post-2309","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-comentario-de-texto","tag-comentario-de-texto","tag-comentario-olympe-de-gouges"],"yoast_head":"\nComentario de texto de Olympe de Gouges - EBAU Valencia 2025 - La Palabra Razonada<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Comentario de texto de Olympe de Gouges resuelto que sali\u00f3 en la convocatoria ordinaria de la EBAU de 2025 en la Comunidad Valenciana\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/lapalabrarazonada.es\/ca\/comentario-de-texto-de-olympe-de-gouges-ebau-valencia-2025\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"ca_ES\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Comentario de texto de Olympe de Gouges - 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Este texto apareci\u00f3 en el examen de la EBAU de la convocatoria ordinaria del a\u00f1o 2024\u2026","rel":"","context":"A "Comentario de texto"","block_context":{"text":"Comentario de texto","link":"https:\/\/lapalabrarazonada.es\/ca\/category\/historia-de-la-filosofia\/comentario-de-texto\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"Comentario de texto resuelto Kant","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/lapalabrarazonada.es\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/03\/Immanuel_Kant_portrait_c1790-e1745833789575.jpg?resize=350%2C200&ssl=1","width":350,"height":200,"srcset":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/lapalabrarazonada.es\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/03\/Immanuel_Kant_portrait_c1790-e1745833789575.jpg?resize=350%2C200&ssl=1 1x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/lapalabrarazonada.es\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/03\/Immanuel_Kant_portrait_c1790-e1745833789575.jpg?resize=525%2C300&ssl=1 1.5x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/lapalabrarazonada.es\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/03\/Immanuel_Kant_portrait_c1790-e1745833789575.jpg?resize=700%2C400&ssl=1 2x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/lapalabrarazonada.es\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/03\/Immanuel_Kant_portrait_c1790-e1745833789575.jpg?resize=1050%2C600&ssl=1 3x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/lapalabrarazonada.es\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/03\/Immanuel_Kant_portrait_c1790-e1745833789575.jpg?resize=1400%2C800&ssl=1 4x"},"classes":[]},{"id":2710,"url":"https:\/\/lapalabrarazonada.es\/ca\/comentario-de-texto-resuelto-sobre-el-atomismo\/","url_meta":{"origin":2309,"position":4},"title":"Comentari de text resolt sobre l'atomisme","author":"rubenlapalabrarazonada","date":"setembre 29, 2025","format":false,"excerpt":"Introducci\u00f3n Si est\u00e1s preparando la EBAU 2025 (o la Selectividad, como a\u00fan muchos la llaman), ya sabr\u00e1s que uno de los n\u00facleos tem\u00e1ticos clave del temario de Historia de la Filosof\u00eda es el pensamiento presocr\u00e1tico, y dentro de \u00e9l, el atomismo ocupa un lugar destacado. No es solo una cuesti\u00f3n\u2026","rel":"","context":"A "Comentario de texto"","block_context":{"text":"Comentario de texto","link":"https:\/\/lapalabrarazonada.es\/ca\/category\/historia-de-la-filosofia\/comentario-de-texto\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"Comentario de texto atomismo","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/lapalabrarazonada.es\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/Atomismo.jpg?resize=350%2C200&ssl=1","width":350,"height":200,"srcset":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/lapalabrarazonada.es\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/Atomismo.jpg?resize=350%2C200&ssl=1 1x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/lapalabrarazonada.es\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/Atomismo.jpg?resize=525%2C300&ssl=1 1.5x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/lapalabrarazonada.es\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/Atomismo.jpg?resize=700%2C400&ssl=1 2x"},"classes":[]},{"id":2909,"url":"https:\/\/lapalabrarazonada.es\/ca\/comentario-de-texto-aristoteles-etica-a-nicomaco-ebau-2023\/","url_meta":{"origin":2309,"position":5},"title":"Comentari de text \u2013 Arist\u00f2til. \u00c8tica a Nic\u00f2mac \u2013 EBAU 2023","author":"rubenlapalabrarazonada","date":"novembre 15, 2025","format":false,"excerpt":"Introducci\u00f3n Con este comentario de texto resuelto de Arist\u00f3teles trabajaremos un fragmento de la\u00a0\u00c9tica a Nic\u00f3maco\u00a0que apareci\u00f3 en el examen de junio de 2023, donde el autor expone su teor\u00eda sobre la virtud como el t\u00e9rmino medio entre dos extremos. Haremos un comentario completo y explicaremos paso a paso c\u00f3mo\u2026","rel":"","context":"A "Comentario de texto"","block_context":{"text":"Comentario de texto","link":"https:\/\/lapalabrarazonada.es\/ca\/category\/historia-de-la-filosofia\/comentario-de-texto\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"Arist\u00f3teles comentario de texto \u00e9tica","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/lapalabrarazonada.es\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/Aristoteles.webp?resize=350%2C200&ssl=1","width":350,"height":200,"srcset":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/lapalabrarazonada.es\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/Aristoteles.webp?resize=350%2C200&ssl=1 1x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/lapalabrarazonada.es\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/Aristoteles.webp?resize=525%2C300&ssl=1 1.5x"},"classes":[]}],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/lapalabrarazonada.es\/ca\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2309","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/lapalabrarazonada.es\/ca\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/lapalabrarazonada.es\/ca\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/lapalabrarazonada.es\/ca\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/3"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/lapalabrarazonada.es\/ca\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=2309"}],"version-history":[{"count":6,"href":"https:\/\/lapalabrarazonada.es\/ca\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2309\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":3176,"href":"https:\/\/lapalabrarazonada.es\/ca\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2309\/revisions\/3176"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/lapalabrarazonada.es\/ca\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=2309"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/lapalabrarazonada.es\/ca\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=2309"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/lapalabrarazonada.es\/ca\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=2309"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}